Primary congenital glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma that occurs in babies and young children. It is caused by an increase in eye pressure resulting in damage of the optic nerve. Treatment usually involves surgery to reduce the eye pressure to halt damage to the optic nerve.

Primary congenital glaucoma is characterised by corneal oedema, buphthalmos, Haab striae, optic disc cupping. Treatment is usually surgical.